Scary https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2702407/

https://schaechter.asmblog.org/schaechter/2021/05/prokaryotic-organelles-yes-there-are-such-things.html a blog post on prokaryotic organelles the entire blog is pretty neat if you're interested in bio stuff

>>96 E.T. Jaynes' The logic of Science A logic -> bayesian probability -> information theory angle of statistics. Absolutely love the way it ties everything together from that standpoint, possibly start with Shannon's A Mathematical Theory of Communication for the information-theory intro to entropy if you aren't familiar with the idea. I was a bench scientist forever and it really bothered me no one could adequately explain why we use certain things, like assuming the t or normal distribution for data without much reasoning. The principal of maximum entropy provides and easy answer (assuming a finite variance, the normal distribution is the maximum entropy distribution to assume) and it just fit so nicely.

so there's this funny DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(19981205)70:10<1939::aid-app8>3.0.co;2-g "Investigation of Alkaline Hydrolysis of polyethyelene terepthtalate by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis" no idea how calorimetry works and why ppl use it but that's not what matters this paper was made by happas in the past century and can be summarized as "we tried to recycle plastics, it works" the plastic is called PET and it's basically 1,4 butanediol and terephthalic acid and 1,4 butanediol metabolizes into GHB inside of your body in a few minutes which makes GABA stuff in your brain spin right round insanely fast way better than alcohol and those red mushrooms so yeah if you don't like brewing or despise alcohol you can still easily fuck up your brain at home using plastics and toilet cleaners though hydrolysis takes a lot of time 10 grams of PET can take you like six or eight hours i recommend speeding things up by adding a bit of ethanol as a catalyst to your NaOH solution (KOH decomposes 1,4 into an unfunny glycol ) oh yeah there's also that terephtalic acid it's not "toxic" but there are lots of it you may want to remove it and most of the other nasty stuff by adding sulfuric or hydrochloric acid until the participate won't stop forming (stop as soon as it forms or you will burn your stomach) it also looks really cool you just one little drop and lots of crystals appear the participate is the nasty stuff just filter it out through a toilet paper and throw it away well it's kinda useful for other things maybe leave it 1,4 can be easily converted into GBL and then GHB but only the letters change effects are the same (and GHB is a salt while others are liquids) there was that one cool paper on dehydrogenation of 1,4 that yields GBL but i kinda lost it in my file directory labyrinth oh and yeah i just did some math 10 grams of pure PET will yield around 3/4 grams of 1,4 which is like two doses for non-tolerant people also some PETs have some brominated stuff that makes it hard to burn and that's really bad because ingestion of brominated things leads to a horrible death from cancer and it's almost impossible to filter those brominated things out so check how well your plastic burns before using it maybe i'll make a proper step by step guide later yeah i guess i will parody that asuka's meth lab webm someday too lazy rn

>PET >it's basically 1,4 butanediol and terephthalic acid oopsie woopsie i made a fucky wucky so yeah plastic that's actually a 1,4 butanediol and terephthalic acid is called PBT and you should use it instead PET will yield some 1,4 but most of it will be 1,2 and 1,3 fuck i should proof read what i write

>>102 Yes

>>103 sorry I can't help you

>>100 I always wanted to learn more about music theory. Do you have any advice/material for an (almost) absolute beginner?

>>105 Hi fren. Just learn music notation, scales, chords and what arrangements are (in that order). You do not need any specific books, even youtube stuff suffices (I learned myself with a "The complete idiot's guide to music theory" book); the important thing here is for you to understand the concepts. Have a piano at hand to play stuff you learn, so you can begin to associate sounds with concepts, that way you will be able to understand how it all works; try an online piano if you do not have a real piano, a guitar is just way too complicated to learn theory well. Knowing all of that should be enough for you to be able to "read" music as if it were a language; notation, scales, chords and arrangements are what music is made with. If you want to compose you can learn melodic function and harmonic function. Those are mere guidelines though..

not him but thanks for the book recommendation i also wanted to learn music theory

>>111 You mean an oven?

>>112 Yes, but ovens take forever. I'm talking about a quick and convenient way of heating.

>>113 Use an air fryer

>>110 They should make an alternative way of heating Works similar to a microwave and is fast But is able to keep metal utensils inside

>>122 Just use plastic utensils, or take the metal utensils out..

There is some really interesting engineering being done in it. https://biggieblog.com/building-arbitrary-life-patterns-in-15-gliders/

just found out that there's a whole ass wiki for this stuff https://conwaylife.com/wiki/

https://conwaylife.com/wiki/Cribbage

Yay! People who know about this. >>48 Didn't realize there was a wiki for it though LOL. I have a question however: Is it possible for a number of cells in a pattern to increase indefinitely?

>>117 Yes https://conwaylife.com/wiki/Infinite_growth

>>45 I'd say topology is the hardest. and quantum physics has the most potential

>>45 AI and machine learning have been accelerating in recent years.. and it still has the most potential for progress. >>47 I'd say topology is the hardest as well.

idk about hardest I'd say most potential is computational complexity theory, since it's one of the newest fields (and thus there's more 'low-hanging fruit' as it were) and results are already having implications in other unrelated fields (see the MIP* = RE proof for an example).

Is is a copout to say both? Because I *do* find both more or less equally interesting.

>>79 So STEM, English, Humanities are on the same level for you?

>>81 English is less.

While I like math more, and I have more interest in it. I have found English related things more useful in my current life. I hate English subjects, but it is useful for basically everything. Unfortunately

>>87 What's your major if you're having one? I'm majoring in computer science, so math is more important to me With English skills you need, you can easily learn the useful stuff either online or in a basic class. I liked to read growing up, so I definitely like literature, but didn't really like studying it that much.

>Why? makes the theory simpler and makes sense >what would a patch of spacetime with torsion even look like? twists and turns in its geometry making the way things move around depend on the path they take and giving gravity a weird effect on matter

>>85 Are there any computer simulations out there that visualize the effect? I've been looking but can't find any.

Life on Titan? Yeah, there was for a few hours

>>70 I think you forgot the "ic"

>>67 Titan becoming warmer in the future is only a slight possibility It's still being researched because the climate is mostly influenced by methane and ethane (kind of like Earth's water cycle)

>>71 No, The submarine was called "Titan"

read the above wikipedia page the tl;dr is that conditions seem favorable to a certain type of hypothetical life and there is some weird chemistry going on near the surface that isn't easily explained without it

How do switch references affect coherence of sentences that have this feature?

>>33 switch reference markers show if subject in a subordinate clause is the same as the subject in the main clause or a different subject to make sentences more clear

I don't understand can you explain to me in simple english and an example too sorry thank you

>>42 an example: >while he did a thing, he(same person) did another thing vs >while he did a thing, he(different person) did another thing but imagine those parens were case markers

>>43 I see now thank you very much. very intresting

What's the difference between p-adic numbers and real numbers? In terms of their algebraic and topological properties

>>35 I know some values of p contain complex numbers.